Cooling apparatus



M. WAHL.

COOLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FlLED JULY 26.1919.

1,378,468., Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

Fzcfz K MW ATTORNEY.

sierra s .arsr rsics.

COOLING APPARATUS.

Intense.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, MANFRED VVAHL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadel- 5'pl1ia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Cooling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

In the production of many foods and hey-- erages which have to 1 undergo biologlcal changes and where thesev changes are required to be kept up to the highest state of purity, if products having the desired purity, quality of flavor, etc, are to. be obtalned, ferments of lactic acid or yeast are used. The isolation and propagation or development of pure cultures of these ferments have heretofore'been 'eifected in' ap paratus whicheither have been of complex construction or have required special supervision when in use.

In the art of fermentation as heretofore practised with previously known apparatus, the desired results ofhigh character and biological purity in the finished product have not always been maintained; To a large extent the ferments or pure cultures introduced and propagated under difiicult conditions have been responsible for this.

In order that the highest practicable degree of purity and resisting power in the propagated ferments' may beobtained and maintained, the manufacturer should know' It is to the last named receptacle and to the means for enabling its use in -a practi cal or commercial way that this invention relates. routine followed in the isolation andpropagation or development of pure cultures because the general method and general routine to be followed are well known to those skilled in the art. Descriptions of methods and routine Which may be fol- Specification of Letters Patent.

' of the same.

I shall not describe the method or' Patented I Apr. 5, 1%21.

Application filed July 26,1919, Serial No. 313,543.

lowed can be found in Practical Studiesin Fermentation by Emil Chr. Hansen. v

The invention has for one of its objects to' provide a receptacle ofsuch shape that the contents thereof, such for instance, as wort may be cooled relatively quickly. I A further object of the invention'is to. provide a convenient means for supporting the said receptacle. i

A still further object of the invention is to provide a practical and improved means for effecting the cooling of the said receptacle and the contents thereof, d Other objects and advantages of the in vention will be referred to in the detailed description thereof which follows or will beapparent from such description.

7 Inorder that the invention may be readily understood and its practical advantages fully appreclated, reference should beYhad to the accompanying drawing in which I have illustrated one form of embodiment It will be understood, however, that changes in the details of con struction maybe made within the scope of the claims without departing from the said invention. i

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a top plan View of the appai ratus embodying my invention,

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same; Fig. 3 is an edge elevation, said figure being taken in a direction at right angles to that in which Fig. 2 is taken; and Fig. 4 is a detail view showing means for applying a cooling liquid tothe exterior surface of the propagating or developing receptacle. r

In the drawing, I have shown a support for the 1receptacle,said support comprising or including four legs 1 as shown, these having at their lower ends rollers 2 by means of which the said support, together with the receptacle containing the wort or other Y nutriment in which the pure culture is being propagated or developed, may be transported readily. The opposing end legs are connected together bymeans of cross bars 3, the latter being connected by means ofcross bars or plates 4. To the upperends of the legs 1 a frame-like oblong shaped tubular, member 5 is secured. One of the legs which I shall'designate 1 is tubular and is provided with a pipe connection at 6 by means of which cold water 0r other cooling liquid may be supplied. The liquidthus supplied flows into the tubular member 5 which is of oval shape in plan and escapes therefrom through the perforation 7 upon the lower, inner side of the same. The small 10 which is of oval shape in cross section. The receptacle 10, or propagator, as it 1s called in practice, is supported upon the cross bars 3 and 4:. i

The receptacle or propagator 10 is closed by means of a lid 12 having an opening 13 at its center. The latter should remain open during the cooling operation, but thereafter should be closed so as to prevent contamination from external sources. The lid is provided with handles 17.

At its lower end the apparatus is provided with a spigot 18 having a valve 19 by means of which the opening through the spigot may be opened and closed.= The outer end of the spigot is adapted to be closed by means of a cap 20 so as to prevent, as far as possible, contact of the air with the lower end and the interior of the said spigot.

The employment'of the cap is for the pur pose of preventing contamination as far as maybe possible. i a The receptacle or propagator 1O preferably is constructed of copper, lined with tin, but it will be understood that my invention is not limited to the material. of which the said receptacle is constructed.

In the use of the apparatus, the receptacle or propagator 10 is sterilized and rendered chemically clean. Thereafter the wort or other liquid nutrient in a hot state is introduced thereinto. The temperature of the wort or other nutrient should be sufficiently high to destroy all infectious bacteria or contamination. After the introduction of the wort or other liquid nutrient, the lid 12 is closed, leaving the opening 18 at its center open. Thereafter cold water is allowed to flow through the tube -1 into the oblong shaped tubular part 5 which surrounds the receptacle 10 adjacent its upper edge. The cold water escapes from the per forations 7 at an angle of about forty-five degrees and striking against the adjacent surface of the receptacle 10 flows down its sides and effects relatively rapid cooling of the 'same and its contents. Generally speaking, a period of from twentysfive to thirty minutes is required to bring the contents of the receptacle to the desired temperature of from twenty to twenty-five degrees centigrade. Rapid cooling is essential in order to obtain a technically pure starting wort and a biologically pure fermentation. After. the wort has been cooled-as above described it is ready for inoculation. Inoculation is effected by introducing into the Wort or other liquid nutrient a pure culture my invention is not limited to y a tubular member of ovalshape surrounding the said receptacle adqacent its upper which has been started in known manner.

After such inoculation the development of the pure culture ferment in the receptacle 10 may be hastened by thoroughly aerating the same. This may be done by drawing streams of liquid escaping from these holes strike the sides of a receptacle or container off relatively small portions of the 1noculated wort through thespigot 18 and pouringsame back into the receptacle 10. This may be donethree or four times in rapid succession. It may be noted that the reeeptacle or propagator 10 is designed to hold approximately sixty two gallons, although this particular size of receptacle. i

After a period of about twelve to twenty hours, the culture in the receptacle 10 will have developed sufficiently for use in the starting of larger amounts of wort. Assuming that the culture which has been developed is for use in a brewery, the contents are sufficient to start a brewing of from one hundred to one hundred and fifty bar rels of wort between twelve and fifteen de in the manufacture of compressed or bakers yeast, in the propagation of pure cultures of ferments for use in the manufacture of temperance or nonalcoholic cereal beverages with typical aroma and character; in the propagation of pure cultures for use in the manufacture of all dairy and creamery products; and in the manufacture of other ferments which produce a normally mild acidity in the finished product.

I claim: 1. In a cooling apparatus, the combina-' tion of a support comprising a plurality of legs, one at. least of which is tubular, and a tubular member ofdesired shape secured to the upper; ends of said legs and being in communication with and adapted to re oeive a cooling fluid from saidtubular leg, said tubular member being provided with perforations upon its inner lower side, and a receptacle adapted to fit within and to be supported by the said tubular member.

2. In cooling apparatus, the combination port upon which the said receptacle stands,

'of a receptacle, oval injcross section, a supedge, saidmember being provided with per- V forations upon its inner, lower side, and f means for supplying a cold liquid to the spigot adjacent its lower end,'a portable support for said receptacle, said support comprising legs, a tubular member, oval in shape, surroundingthe upper edge portion of and being adjacent to the said receptacle, said tubular member being supported upon the extended upper ends of the said logs, and being provided with perforations upon its inner, lower side, and one of V 10 the said legs being tubular and being 1n communication with the said tubular memher, and means whereby a cooling liquid maybe supplied to the said'tubular leg and thence to the said tubular member, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereunto signed my name this 14th day of July, A. D. 1919.

' MANFRED WAHL. 

